![]() ![]() Locating the spring and damper inboard increases the total mass of the suspension, but reduces the unsprung mass, and also allows the designer to make the suspension more aerodynamic.Ī short long arms suspension (SLA) is also known as an unequal-length double wishbone suspension. The opposite arrangement, a "pull rod", will pull on the rod during bump travel, and the rod must be attached to the top of the upright, angled downward. As the wheel rises, the push rod compresses the internal spring via a pivot or pivoting system. This is then known as a "push rod" if bump travel "pushes" on the rod (and subsequently the rod must be joined to the bottom of the upright and angled upward). ![]() The suspension uses a bellcrank to transfer the forces at the knuckle end of the suspension to the internal spring and damper. In many racing cars, the springs and dampers are relocated inside the bodywork. If they are set at an angle, then anti-dive and anti-squat geometry can be dialed in. The various bushings or ball joints do not have to be on horizontal axes, parallel to the vehicle center line. In elevation view, the suspension is a 4-bar link, and it is easy to work out the camber gain (see camber angle) and other parameters for a given set of bushing or ball-joint locations. This arrangement has been successfully used in the Jaguar IRS. Alternatively, a fixed-length driveshaft can perform the function of a wishbone as long as the shape of the other wishbone provides control of the upright. For a rear suspension, a pair of joints can be used at both ends of the arm, making them more H-shaped in plan view. ![]() ![]() The bushing in line with the wheel can be kept relatively stiff to effectively handle cornering loads while the off-line joint can be softer to allow the wheel to recess under fore-aft impact loads. An L-shaped arm is generally preferred on passenger vehicles because it allows a better compromise of handling and comfort to be tuned in. To resist fore-aft loads such as acceleration and braking, the arms require two bushings or ball joints at the body.ĭouble wishbone suspension in action, displayed at the Toyota Museum in Nagoya, JapanĪt the knuckle end, single ball joints are typically used, in which case the steering loads have to be taken via a steering arm, and the wishbones look A- or L-shaped. Attached to the knuckle at its center is a bearing hub, or in many older designs, a spindle to which the wheel bearings are mounted. In newer designs, a ball joint at each end allows for all movement. The knuckle contains a kingpin for horizontal radial movement in older designs, and rubber or trunnion bushings for vertical hinged movement. When the vehicle is in a turn, body roll results in positive camber gain on the lightly loaded inside wheel, while the heavily loaded outer wheel gains negative camber.īetween the outboard end of the arms is a knuckle. The upper arm is usually shorter to induce negative camber as the suspension jounces (rises), and often this arrangement is titled an "SLA" or "short, long arms" suspension. A single wishbone or A-arm can also be used in various other suspension types, such as variations of the MacPherson strut. The double-wishbone suspension can also be referred to as " double A-arms", though the arms themselves can be A-shaped, L-shaped, or even a single bar linkage. Implementation Double wishbone suspension (front) on a Saab Quantum IV Double wishbone designs allow the engineer to carefully control the motion of the wheel throughout suspension travel, controlling such parameters as camber angle, caster angle, toe pattern, roll center height, scrub radius, scuff ( mechanical abrasion), and more. The shock absorber and coil spring mount to the wishbones to control vertical movement. Each wishbone or arm has two mounting points to the chassis and one joint at the knuckle. JSTOR ( May 2012) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ī double wishbone suspension is an independent suspension design for automobiles using two (occasionally parallel) wishbone-shaped arms to locate the wheel.Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.įind sources: "Double wishbone suspension" – news Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification. ![]()
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